What are HEMORRHOIDS?
- Hemorrhoids (also known as piles) are basically swollen veins in the anus and anal canal. 
- Hemorrhoids are composed of blood vessels (veins), smooth muscles, and supporting tissue. 
- Everyone has hemorrhoids and they are a normal part of the human anus and rectal canal. Their function is to cushion the anal canal during defecation.
- Hemorrhoids can be classified according to their location as external (close to the anal opening), internal (farther up the anal canal), and internal-external (mixed). 
- Once a problem occurs with hemorrhoids, the sufferer may be more prone to outbreaks or flare-ups in the future.

Hemorrhoids may result from:
- Increased rectal pressure during defecation (hard stool, constipation)
- Pregnancy
- Standing for long periods of time
- Decreased physical activity or highly strenuous activity (such as lifting heavy objects)

Symptoms of HEMORRHOIDS
- Itching, burning, inflammation, pain and swelling are the most common signs of minor hemorrhoids. If hemorrhoids are the true cause of these symptoms, then they may possibly be relieved by self-treatment with certain non-prescription therapies.
- Bleeding, seepage, protrusion and thrombosis should not be self-treated because these symptoms may mask a more serious problem.
- NEVER assume that rectal bleeding is due to hemorrhoids even if hemorrhoids are present. Rectal bleeding should always be reported to a physician so that more serious causes of the bleeding can be ruled out.

Treatment of HEMORRHOIDS
- Keeping the anorectal area clean after defecation and before applying therapy is recommended.
- The area should be cleansed with mild, unscented soap and water. Patting or blotting the area is recommended rather than rubbing.
- Toilet tissue should be unscented, uncolored and soft to prevent irritation of the area.
- A diet high in fiber and fluid will promote the formation of easily passed stools, thereby preventing constipation and accompanying straining.
- Hemorrhoids can be treated with a number of over the counter products including anesthetics, vasoconstrictors, protectants, astringents, keratolytics, and corticosteroids in a variety of dosage forms.
- Creams, ointments, suppositories, gels, foams, pastes, and wipes are widely available. (Specific products may be recommended by a physician or pharmacist.)
- For more severe cases, prescription medications may be needed and in very severe conditions, surgery may be required.

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This information is of a general nature and may not apply to your special circumstances. If you have specific questions, please contact your physician or an appropriate health care professional.  These monographs are counseling aids for healthcare professionals only and are not to be used as a reference to diagnose or treat medical conditions.          Copyright 2005 RXinsider LTD